PART 1 | FOSSILS OUT OF PLACE

FOSSILS OUT OF PLACE

The geological and evolutionary sequence laid out in textbook charts and in artfully crafted displays in museums can be found nowhere on Earth. It was created piecemeal based on the assumption that evolution is true. Therefore, a simple fossil organism must be in really old rocks, and really old rocks must contain simple organisms.

Pre-evolution fossil beliefs
Fossils were once thought to be just "sports of nature," mineral curiosities, and odd rock formations. Aristotle thought they were the result of a formative force in Earth that could create life-like shapes in stone. Bible believers, as late as the 1800s, thought it heretical to believe that any death could have occurred before the fall of Adam and Eve. Therefore, fossils couldn't have been dead things predating humans. So, fossils were explained as being bones dropped by travelers.

The cause of fossilization
Indeed, simple creatures are often found deeper in the rocks than the larger, more complex ones. But that's expected with the conditions that permit fossilization, such as flooding with sudden burial within sedimentation.

Normally, in nature, creatures don't die and become fossils. They lie on top of the ground and are either eaten or decay away to nothing.

Rapid burial under sedimentation locks bodies away from these effects to permit them to become fossils.

Worldwide cataclysmic flooding
The entire sedimentary rock record can be seen as the product of a single worldwide catastrophic inundation event.

Massive, laterally continuous strata of sedimentary rock, where fossils are found, are not slow cycles, but successive catastrophic pulses during a deluge. The thickness of the flood deposits can be 10-20 miles, and sediments blanket virtually every continent.

Mainstream geology explains this as hundreds of millions of years of slow deposition in shifting seas, deltas, and basins. But trillions of fossils make that interpretation insufficient to explain the reality found in sedimentary rocks.

Flood legends
Over 200 flood legends exist around the world. They describe a few humans and animals surviving on a boat. The story of Noah is commonly known, but it borrows from the Sumerian and Babylonian stories dating back to 2000 BC.

The simple to complex arrangement of fossils
Flooding carries soil and sand that buries creatures caught in it. With massive sediments being laid down, there would be a natural, simple to complex sequence: sea-floor creatures buried first → shallow marine → amphibious → terrestrial → humans and other creatures with escape capabilities last.

Small and dense creatures settle in sediment more quickly than large, less dense ones. That explains a predominance of small, simple fossils in the lower rocks. Larger and less dense organisms, more capable of fleeing a natural disaster, would be the last buried and would predominate in higher sedimentary layers.

Cataclysmic flooding and sedimentation also explain the inversions and randomness found in the fossil record.

The Living Fossil Problem
There are countless animals alive today that look identical to their ancient fossil kin. Creatures that have been on earth for millions of years and have not changed contradict progressive, simple to complex evolution.

Metasequoia trees
This example of a Metasequoia tree I photographed in the fall, after leaves dropped, was found only as a fossil in rocks before 1945. Those fossils were dated 60 million years old. However, this and other living examples of this tree found on the Michigan State University campus are identical to the fossils. This indicates these trees did not evolve in 60 million years.

Ginkgo trees
This Ginkgo tree is also alive and well on the MSU campus. It's identical to fossils found in sedimentary rocks dated 20 million years old. My children pictured there are fully human and are said to have evolved from ape-like precursors just 7 million years ago.

Metasequoia and Ginkgo trees, which have not evolved in up to 60 million years, and my fully human children evolving from simian precursors in 7 million years, are contradictions not explained by evolution.

Bacteria contradict the evolutionary timeline
The age of the Earth set by evolutionary scientists is 4.6 billion years. They say the first time that conditions would have been propitious for the spontaneous generation of life would be 3.8 billion years ago, when they believe the Earth cooled enough for water to form.

Evidence of proteobacteria is found in rocks dated to 3.8 billion years. One would expect, if abiogenesis (life from nonlife) is true, that only nascent chemistry would be occurring at that time, not fully formed organisms. A vast time is said to be necessary for the spontaneous formation of enzymes, DNA, RNA, organelles, cell walls, and the other complexities found in proteobacteria. But no evidence of precursors to bacteria has been found.

Proteobacteria (cyanobacteria) are alive and well today in stromatolites around the world. Since these earliest life forms have not evolved since the beginning of evolutionary time, there are reasonable doubts whether fossils provide evidence of evolution.

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PART 2 | HUMANS WAY OUT OF PLACE

HUMANS WAY OUT OF PLACE

Striking finds that show humans existing before their evolutionary precursors

The standard account says that over billions of years, life developed from a single cell, and at some point, humans shared a common primate ancestor.

Yet a single cell is far less functionally complex than a complete human being. From a logical standpoint, it's difficult to see how complex, integrated functionality and the information behind it could arise by spontaneous processes. Critics argue that no direct experiment has ever demonstrated this process or shown that it could occur naturally.

So, before even turning to fossils and artifacts, such "simple-to-complex" evolution may appear as unlikely as a mathematical proof suddenly showing 2+2 = 1,000,000.

The fossil and archaeological record adds puzzles. Mainstream science accepts human ancestors such as Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy, about 3.2 million years old) and Homo erectus (up to 1.9 million years old).

Lucy "reconstructed" from bone fragments

Fully formed humans could not coexist with or predate these evolutionary ancestors. Similarly, you could not have come before your grandparents.

There are several reported finds that, if taken at face value, would not fit the evolutionary timeline:

(Dates are those from mainstream scientists.)

• Human skeleton in Olduvai Gorge, Africa, 1.15 million years old.
• Fossilized human footprints in volcanic ash are 3.7 million years old.
• A shell with a human face carving, 2 million years old.
• Paleoliths (human artifacts), 20-38 million years old.
• Bolas, signs of fire making, and a stone arrowhead embedded in the femur of a 3-5 million-year-old Pliocene species.
• Stone tools in California gold mines in undisturbed 55-million-year-old lava.
• Coins, hammer handles, and other tools, 36 million years old.
• Letter-like shapes in a solid block of marble, 600 million years old.
• A nail in 360-408 million-year-old rocks.
• Gold thread embedded in stone, 380 million years old.
• A metallic vessel inlaid with ornate silver, 600 million years old.
• A Nampa figurine, 12 million years old.
• A gold chain, 300 million years old.
• An iron pot, 312 million years old.
• Shoe sole with well-defined sewn thread, 248 million years old.
• Fossil shoe imprint with a 500 million-year-old trilobite squashed in it.

(This, and more evidence ostensibly showing humans on Earth over a billion years ago, is documented in Michael Cremo’s book, Forbidden Archeology)

Mainstream textbooks rarely mention these finds, regarding them as misinterpretations, hoaxes, or anomalies. But if even one of them were authentic and accurately dated, it would present a serious challenge to the standard evolutionary timeline.

The famous evolutionary biologist, Richard Dawkins, has said, ". . . evolution makes the strong prediction that if a single fossil turned up in the wrong geological stratum, the theory would be blown out of the water." He further says, "No such anachronistic fossils have ever been found . . ."

Such statements are why critics of the mainstream evolutionary model argue that the entire body of evidence should be considered, not only the findings that fit the prevailing view.

All the above aside, perhaps the main reason criticism of evolution is rejected is because the alternative is thought to be conventional religions and their deities.

But that is not the only alternative.

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PART 3 | HUMANS WITH DINOSAURS

HUMANS WITH DINOSAURS

The thought of living at the same time as dinosaurs is scary, to say the least. If there is evidence that we did, the entire evolutionary timetable would have to be reevaluated--which is scary for other reasons.

Here is evidence to consider:

•The Kuku Yalanji aborigines of Queensland have lore and paintings of plesiosaurs, including internal anatomy suggesting they hunted and butchered them.

•The Doheny expedition into the Grand Canyon (early 1900s) discovered cave drawings of duck-billed dinosaurs.

•Peruvian rock carvings (the Ica Stones) show sauropods, stegosaurs, brontosaurs, T. rex, and pterosaurs in scenes with humans, including hunting and surgery.

•The Acámbaro Figurines in Mexico (over 30,000 pieces) depict humans interacting with dinosaurs and pterosaurs.

•Ancient Sumatran art depicts head-crested hadrosaurs and a Corythosaurus.

•A North American Indian drawing shows a warrior and an apatosaurus-like creature.

•Petroglyphs at Natural Bridges National Monument (Utah) appear to show sauropods.

•A medieval tapestry in Carlisle Cathedral (England) shows a long-necked, long-tailed dinosaur-like creature.

•Cambodian temple carvings at Ta Prohm (c. 1100 A.D.) clearly depict a stegosaur.

•A painting on an urn artifact from Asia Minor (530 B.C.) depicts a Mosasaurus with an octopus and dolphin.

•An Egyptian seal (c. 1300 B.C.) shows a pterosaur hunting a gazelle.

•An Egyptian statue depicts a pterosaur hunting a falcon.

•Babylonian and Mesopotamian cylinder seals show dragon-like creatures resembling dinosaurs.

•Chinese dragon legends, based on "dragon bones" (dinosaur fossils), describe creatures closely matching dinosaurs.

•Medieval and Renaissance European art depicts dragons with dinosaur-like anatomy.

•The Beowulf epic describes reptilian monsters with dinosaur-like traits.

•Thunderbird legends of North America may represent encounters with surviving pterosaur-like creatures.

•Early explorers (1500s-1800s) reported giant reptilian beasts in Africa and South America resembling sauropods and stegosaurs.

This, along with other evidence in the fossil record, raises profound questions about the standard evolutionary account. For those of us educated to accept that narrative as unquestionable history, even considering alternatives can feel nearly impossible.

Yet our responsibility is not to cling to what we have been taught to believe, but to pursue truth wherever it leads--allowing facts and reason to replace belief with genuine understanding.

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PART 4 | FOSSIL FRAUD

FOSSIL FRAUD

If something is true, it should stand on its own evidence. When questionable practices are used to support a claim, it raises doubts about the claim itself.

Courts and common law have long recognized that unreliable or deceptive information undermines even the strongest of arguments or contracts.

If an expert puts forward a claim shown to be false, it understandably raises questions about trust, how much weight to give their credentials, and other claims they put forth.

In the history of human evolutionary theory, there have been examples where belief and enthusiasm have outpaced the supporting evidence.

In 1868, Ernst Haeckel, an evolutionary biologist, physician, and philosopher, proposed a human precursor. He named it Pithecanthropus alalus. It was what he imagined existed, but there was no evidence for it.

Pithecanthropus alalus painting by Gabriel Max 1894

Piltdown Man, Eoanthropus dawsoni, turned out to be a deliberate misrepresentation using ape and human fragments. It was created by Charles Dawson in 1912, an amateur archaeologist. It was widely used as proof of human evolution until it was conclusively exposed in 1953 as a forgery. Investigators found that it was reconstructed from the altered jaw and some teeth of an orangutan. These were then deliberately combined with the cranium of a modern human with a small skull.

Piltdown man

Java Man was created from fragments of an extinct Gibbon-like creature. Peking Man, Nebraska Man, Southwest Colorado Man, Ramapithecus, Australopithecus africanus, and Homo habilis were also proposed as evolutionary links. But they were created from creatures that are not in the human evolutionary line, from actual human remains, or speculative reconstructions.

Early Neanderthal man reconstructions were based on diseased and arthritic human remains.

Neanderthal is now considered to be fully human.

Cro-Magnon Man had to be retired from missing link status when specimens showed larger brain capacity than modern humans.

Human evolution links using reconstructions have repeatedly had to be revised, exposed, abandoned, embellished, and invented.

The same holds for the phylogeny (evolutionary history) of all plants and animals.

Such failings stem from a fundamental flaw: complex functional things, which all forms of life are, cannot spontaneously gain more complexity, functionality, and the upgrade in information to generate it. Such a mechanism, the primary driver of evolution, has not been observed or experimentally proven.

These conclusions are where investigation and reason lead us, and have nothing to do with man-made religions and their gods.

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